Rising Tularemia Cases in Minnesota: Cat Zoonosis Alert

Warning Issued Over Increase in Tularemia Cases in Minnesota

Officials in Minnesota have raised concerns about the rising number of tularemia cases among animals in the state, particularly cats in the Twin Cities metro area. The Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) and the Minnesota Board of Animal Health are closely monitoring this surge in cases and are alerting the public to the potential risks.

Tularemia, also known as "rabbit fever," is a bacterial infection caused by Francisella tularensis, commonly found in animals such as squirrels, rabbits, and rodents. While pets are usually exposed to the bacterium through hunting rodents or tick and fly bites, there has been a noticeable increase in the number of reported tularemia cases in animals. In 2023, there were 21 cases reported, significantly higher than the typical annual average of seven cases.

Understanding the Symptoms and Risks

The symptoms of tularemia in animals include a high fever, weakness, lack of appetite, skin or mouth ulcers, and swollen lymph nodes. It is crucial for pet owners to be aware of these signs as animals can quickly succumb to the disease. Maria Bye, a senior epidemiologist at MDH, emphasizes the importance of recognizing tularemia in pets, as it can also infect humans through contact with sick animals.

Humans can contract tularemia through tick and fly bites, scratches from infected pets, or direct contact with animals carrying the disease. While there are typically six or fewer human cases of tularemia reported each year in Minnesota, the recent cases in the state serve as a reminder of the potential risks associated with zoonotic diseases like tularemia.

Protecting Pets and Preventing Infections

To prevent the spread of tularemia, health officials recommend keeping cats indoors, avoiding allowing pets to hunt small animals, and administering tick preventative medication to pets. Additionally, using insect repellent and avoiding contact with wild animals are essential steps to reduce the risk of infection. Anyone who suspects they may have been exposed to tularemia should seek medical attention promptly and contact the MDH for further guidance.

The recent increase in tularemia cases in Minnesota underscores the importance of vigilance in protecting both animals and humans from zoonotic diseases. By taking proactive measures to prevent infections and raising awareness about the risks associated with tularemia, individuals can help mitigate the spread of this potentially serious illness.