Time: 2024-08-26
person cell divide through a procedure name mitosis , during which the cell 's copy DNA is separate between two result daughter cell . Despite Holocene progress in cell biology , the mechanism by which deoxyribonucleic_acid condense during mitosis is still poorly understand . research_worker recently track small stretch of DNA wound around histone protein , name nucleosomes , to better qualify nucleosome behavior during cell division.
DNA is form as chromatin , which are moral_force structure consist of deoxyribonucleic_acid , ribonucleic_acid , and protein that regulate the handiness of gene for expression and the overall configuration of familial material in the cell . histone protein , for example , are positively charge protein that bind to negatively charge DNA . DNA wrap around these histone protein to form nucleosomes , which aid condense nearly six foot of homo genomic deoxyribonucleic_acid into a nucleus only 10 micron across.
During mitosis , DNA condense before being divide between two daughter cell . A protein complex name condensins is involve in collection the condense chromosome . However , research_worker are still diffident how cell achieve chromosome assembly during cell division . To address this , a team of research_worker from the National Institute of Genetics in Mishima , Japan , use single - nucleosome imagination to uncover the factor that lend to the organization and compaction of chromosome during mitosis in life cells.
The team detect that nucleosomes are much more restrain during mitosis compare to cell in interphase . Nucleosomes were most restrain when chromosome were being travel to antonym pole of the cell during anaphase , a particular phase of cell division . These constraint were loosen during telophase , the stopping_point phase of cell division , when chromosome decompaction begins.
The team also perform condensin - depletion experiment to investigate the restrain procedure during mitosis . They found that consume condensins cause abnormal chromosome shape and increase nucleosome gesture . This observation support a model of chromosome organization in which condensins form cringle to restrain nucleosomes . Importantly , computational mold was able to recapitulate their observation , shedding light on the intricate procedure involve in chromosome condensation during mitosis.
Overall , the team found that condensins are responsible for restrain nucleosomes around a chromosome axis during mitosis through cringle formation , and that nucleosome - nucleosome interaction via histone dress_suit lend to global chromosome condensation . foster research is necessitate to determine exactly how condensins form DNA cringle and how nucleosome - nucleosome interaction and cringle formation interact to assemble chromosomes.
The survey , print in Nature Communications on August 25 , supply valuable penetration into the fundamental procedure underlie chromosome condensation during cell division . By leverage advance imagination technique and computational mold , research_worker are paving the manner for a deep understanding of the intricate mechanism that regulate nucleosome behavior in life cells.
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