Sinkhole Innovation: China's Latest Discoveries in Heavenly Forests

Tiankeng : China 's Heavenly Sinkholes

China is home to a unique natural wonder - giant sinkholes known as tiankeng , meaning " heavenly pits " . These sinkholes , found in the southwestern karst landscape of China , are not just awe - inspiring abysses but also hold a secret within - pristine ancient forests that are a haven for unique plant species.

One such extraordinary tiankeng , discovered last August , measures a massive 300 meters in length , 150 meters in width , and more than 190 meters deep . These heavenly pits are part of a larger network of 30 similar holes in the region , serving as the last refuge for ancient forests and hosting species unseen anywhere else in the world.

Researchers have marveled at the sight of these underground forests , with towering 40 - meter ancient trees and endangered wild plants from prehistoric times . Despite the lack of light at the bottom of tiankeng , various plant species thrive by adapting to the rich nutrient content , including nitrogen , phosphorus , potassium , calcium , and magnesium.

A recent study shed light on how these plants manage to flourish in the depths of the sinkholes . The unique ecosystem within tiankeng allows plants to adjust their nutrient content and grow tall , benefiting from the scarce sunlight that reaches them . These sinkholes , forming when the roof of an underground chamber collapses , are crucial ecological havens for endangered and endemic plant species.

Thriving Ecosystems in the Depths

The lush green oasis at the bottom of tiankeng is a result of the high humidity , low temperature , and abundant negative oxygen ions in this relatively closed environment . Researchers have discovered numerous rare and endemic plants in tiankeng , emphasizing their importance as refuges for endangered plants and primitive forest ecosystems.

These sinkholes are not just unique to China , with 300 tiankeng discovered worldwide , two - thirds of which are in China . These geological formations , shaped by soluble carbonate rocks erosion , are crucial for preserving biodiversity and fostering the discovery of new species in these untouched environments.

The soil within tiankeng forests is rich in nutrients , allowing the plants to thrive and adapt to the harsh conditions of their unique habitat . As researchers delve deeper into the mysteries of these heavenly sinkholes , the potential for uncovering new species and expanding our understanding of ancient ecosystems remains promising.